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Counterinsurgency (COIN)
defined as “Comprehensive civilian and military efforts designed to simultaneously defeat and contain insurgency and address its root causes.”
Generally used to refer to “the totality of actions aimed at defeating irregular forces”. Any “military or political action taken against the activities of guerrillas or revolutionaries” and can be considered war by a state against a non-state adversary. Insurgency and counterinsurgency campaigns have been waged since ancient history. Within the military sciences, counterinsurgency is one of the main operational approaches of irregular warfare.
Counterinsurgency may involve attempting to win the hearts and minds of populations supporting the insurgency. Alternately, it may be waged in an attempt to intimidate or eliminate civilian populations suspected of loyalty to the insurgency through indiscriminate violence
